后发展国家的创新,一般首先是学习和引进、模仿以及相应的改良,而后可能有重大创新;但存在知识技术障碍、资金障碍、企业及企业家能力不足的问题,与发达国家相比,产业链创新的协调也有复杂的特殊问题。此外,在转型经济国家,能否建立有效的激励机制也是一个重要问题。 Innovation in post-development countries generally begins with learning and introduction, imitation and corresponding improvements, and then may lead to major innovations. However, there are problems of knowledge and technology barriers, financial barriers, and insufficient capacity of enterprises and entrepreneurs. Compared with developed countries, industries Coordination of chain innovation also has complex special problems. In addition, in transition economies, the establishment of an effective incentive mechanism is also an important issue.