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一、日本反垄断法的立法概况(一)历史背景“二战”前日本经济主要由少数大财阀控制,政治上逐步废止政党内阁制,建立了由军部和财阀直接控制的政权。到1937年,八大老财阀和五大新财阀通过他们遍布全国的卡特尔网控制了国民经济各个部门,为日本全面发动侵略战争提供了经济基础。“二战”中日本战败,由美军对其实施占领。美国逼迫日本政府制定和实施了极为严厉的反垄断政策,即通过行政命令的手段,解散财阀及对巨大企业进行重组,尽
I. Overview of Japan’s Antimonopoly Law Legislation (I) Historical Background Before World War II, Japan’s economy was dominated by a few large chaebol. Politically, it gradually abolished the cabinet system of political parties and established a political power directly controlled by the military and chaebol. By 1937, the eight Lao Chai and the five new Chau Choi controlled all sectors of the national economy through their cartel network all over the country and provided the economic basis for Japan to launch an all-out war of aggression. Japan defeated Japan in World War II and its occupation by the U.S. military. The United States has forced the Japanese government to formulate and implement a very severe antitrust policy of dissolving the chaebol and restructuring the giant enterprises through administrative orders