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本文对机床铸件灰铸铁的质量进行了全面和综合分析,提出在选择工艺方案的时候,要使铸铁具有最佳的化学成份,可通过孕育处理、过热和对原始炉料进行相应的选择,以影响铁水的物理状态。化学成份对铸件的厚实部分起着决定性的作用,对薄壁部分,除了成份之外,铁水的物理状态也很重要。对于机床铸铁来讲,如果是Mn1.5%,Si/C=1是最佳的比值,这种铸铁的共晶度S_(?)=0.83～0.86,100毫米厚的导轨的耐磨性能也很高,白口倾向小,铸造工艺性能也好。此外,还基本上消除了渗碳体,加工余量沿深度方向和铸件长度的不同部位硬度值均匀,同时减少了合金元素的消耗量。
In this paper, a comprehensive and comprehensive analysis of the quality of cast iron gray cast iron is given. It is suggested that the cast iron should have the best chemical composition when selecting the process scheme, which can be affected by inoculation, overheating and corresponding selection of the raw charge The physical state of hot metal. The chemical composition plays a decisive role in the thick part of the castings. In addition to the ingredients, the physical state of the hot metal is also important for the thin-walled parts. For the machine tool cast iron, if it is Mn1.5%, Si / C = 1 is the best ratio, the cast iron eutectic S _ (?) = 0.83 ~ 0.86,100mm thick rail wear resistance High, white mouth tend to be small, casting process performance is good. In addition, the cementite is basically eliminated, the hardness of the different parts of the machining allowance along the depth direction and the length of the casting is even, and the consumption of alloying elements is reduced at the same time.