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梯度及梯度排布是密度梯度多孔材料设计中的关键性问题。该文基于分层梯度金属空心球阵列模型,重点讨论了不同冲击速度下,梯度分布对金属空心球阵列动力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:在低速冲击下,梯度金属空心球阵列的动力学响应只取决于梯度的大小而不敏感于梯度的空间分布;而在中高速冲击下,梯度金属空心球阵列的动力响应不仅取决于梯度的大小,而且必须考虑梯度的空间分布。一定冲击速度下,梯度分布决定了材料内部的应力分布和材料的能量吸收过程,但吸收的总能量由材料的相对密度决定。考虑到对被冲击防护结构的保护,从冲击端高密度向远端低密度的梯度分布更有优势。该文的结论为实现多孔材料冲击动力学性能的多目标优化设计提供了新的设计思路。
Gradient and gradient arrangement are the key issues in the design of porous materials with density gradient. Based on the hierarchical graded metal hollow-ball array model, this paper focuses on the influence of gradient distribution on the dynamic behavior of metal hollow ball arrays under different impact velocities. The results show that under low speed impact, the dynamic response of gradient metal hollow ball array depends only on the size of the gradient and is not sensitive to the spatial distribution of the gradient. However, the dynamic response of the gradient metal hollow ball array depends not only on the medium- The size of the gradient, and must consider the spatial distribution of the gradient. At a certain impact velocity, the gradient distribution determines the stress distribution inside the material and the energy absorption process of the material, but the total energy absorbed is determined by the relative density of the material. Taking into account the impact protection structure is protected, from the impact of high-density low-density gradient to the distal edge of the distribution of more advantages. The conclusion of this paper provides a new design idea for multi-objective optimization design of impact kinetic properties of porous materials.