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肥胖已经成为全球面临的一个严重公共健康问题。肥胖是机体能量失衡导致脂肪过度积聚为重要特征的一种代谢异常,主要表现为脂肪细胞数量异常增加和体积异常增大,因此深入理解脂肪细胞分化机制对肥胖防治具有重要意义。microRNA(miRNA)是近年来在真核生物体内发现的、一类长度约22nt的内源性非编码单链小RNA,通过与靶标mRNA不完全互补配对,发挥降解靶mRNA或抑制靶mRNA翻译的作用。miRNA几乎参与所有生命活动的调节和大多数疾病的发病过程,包括脂肪细胞分化、肥胖发生发展。本文主要综述miRNA在脂肪细胞分化、肥胖研究领域取得的成果,并分析该领域的现状、不足及前景。
Obesity has become a serious public health problem facing the world. Obesity is a kind of metabolic abnormality characterized by excessive accumulation of fat caused by the imbalance of body energy. It is mainly characterized by the abnormal increase of fat cells and the abnormal increase of the volume of fat cells. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the mechanism of adipocyte differentiation on the prevention and treatment of obesity. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found in eukaryotes. A group of endogenous non-coding single-stranded small RNAs of about 22nt in length are used to degrade or inhibit the translation of target mRNAs by incompletely pairing with target mRNAs effect. MiRNAs participate in the regulation of almost all life activities and the pathogenesis of most diseases, including adipocyte differentiation and development of obesity. This review summarizes the achievements of miRNAs in the field of adipocyte differentiation and obesity, and analyzes the status quo, shortcomings and prospects in this field.