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目的:目前,国内外有很多制备ANFH动物模型的方法,但都存在建立时间长、成功率低、动物死亡率高的问题。实验旨在建立安全、有效的兔激素性股骨头缺血性坏死模型。方法:实验于2006-05/2007-08在解放军北京军区总医院骨科实验室完成。①实验材料及分组:健康成年日本大白兔30只,雌雄不限,体质量(3.0±0.2)kg。采用随机数字表法将其分为3组,即内毒素100,50,20μg/kg组,每组10只。②实验过程:3组于兔耳缘静脉分别静推内毒素100,50,20μg/kg,1/d,共2次。3组都于第2次注射完内毒素后臀肌注射甲基强的松龙20mg/kg,1次/d,共3次。③实验评估:分别于注射完后2,4,6周时观察股骨头X射线片、MRI、病理组织以及造模动物死亡情况。结果:30只兔全部进入结果分析。①造模结果:4周后经摄片、MRI、病理组织切片检查后,3组所有存活兔子的股骨头都存在不同程度的坏死。②X射线观察:4周后,3组X射线片大多可见股骨头密度不均一。③MRI观察:4周后,3组MRI可见典型的股骨头坏死表现,T2WI出现不均匀高信号,股骨头出现斑点状、硬化透明区等表现。④病理组织学观察:4周后,3组病理组织切片出现骨小梁稀疏变细,结构紊乱,骨髓腔内造血组织明显减少,脂肪细胞体积增大,有的融合成泡状等表现。⑤死亡率:3组的死亡率分别为70%,50%,20%。结论:小剂量(20μg/kg)内毒素联合激素4周可以成功诱导股骨头缺血性坏死动物模型,而且明显降低实验动物的死亡率。
OBJECTIVE: At present, there are many methods to prepare ANFH animal models both at home and abroad, but all of them have the problems of long establishment time, low success rate and high animal mortality rate. The aim of the experiment was to establish a safe and effective rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head. Methods: The experiment was performed in the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Military Area General Hospital from May 2006 to August 2007. ① Experimental materials and groups: 30 healthy Japanese white rabbits, male or female, body weight (3.0 ± 0.2) kg. Using random number table method, they were divided into three groups, namely endotoxin 100,50,20μg / kg group, 10 rats in each group. ② Experimental procedure: Endotoxin 100, 50, 20μg / kg, 1 / d were intravenously administered intravenously in 3 rabbits for 3 times. 3 groups were in the second injection endotoxin gluteal injection of methylprednisolone 20mg / kg, 1 time / d, a total of 3 times. ③ Experimental evaluation: The femoral head X-ray films, MRI, pathological tissues and the death of model animals were observed at 2,4,6 weeks after injection. Results: All 30 rabbits entered the result analysis. ① modeling results: 4 weeks after radiography, MRI, pathological biopsy, all three groups of surviving rabbits have varying degrees of necrosis of the femoral head. ② X-ray observation: After 4 weeks, most of the three X-ray films showed heterogeneous femoral head density. ③MRI observation: After 4 weeks, three groups of MRI showed typical femoral head necrosis, high uneven T2WI signal, spotted femoral head and hardening transparent area. ④ Histopathological observation: After 4 weeks, three groups of pathological tissue trabecular bone thinning thinning, structural disorder, bone marrow cavity hematopoietic tissue was significantly reduced, fat cells increased volume, and some fusion into blisters and other performance. ⑤ Mortality: The mortality rates in the three groups were 70%, 50% and 20% respectively. Conclusion: A small dose (20μg / kg) of endotoxin combined with hormones for 4 weeks can successfully induce animal model of avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and significantly reduce the mortality of experimental animals.