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20世纪60年代,美国House耳科研究所的William House研发并植入了世界上第1例人工耳蜗,给失聪患者带来了福音。近20年来,人工耳蜗相关基础和临床研究工作取得了突飞猛进的发展,据统计全世界已有8万多例听力障碍患者成功接受了该项技术,其中包括4万例患儿。目前,人工耳蜗技术已经成为帮助重度、深度听力障碍患者获得实用听力最为有效的方法。我国引入人工耳蜗技术始于20世纪90年代中期,迄今已有3000余例患者受益。北京同仁医院成立了国内最大的人工耳蜗中心,完成了我国第1例儿童多导人工耳蜗植入,现已帮助800余例聋人和聋哑儿童回到有声世界。目前,这一技术仍面临许多挑战,现就近几年国内外的研究热点作一介绍。
In the 1960s William House at the Institute for Ear Research in the United States developed and implanted the world’s first cochlear implant, bringing the gospel to deaf patients. In the past 20 years, basic and clinical research related to cochlear implants have made rapid progress. According to the statistics, more than 80,000 hearing impaired patients in the world have successfully accepted the technology, including 40,000 children. At present, cochlear implant technology has become the most effective way to help patients with severe and profound hearing impairment obtain practical hearing. The introduction of cochlear implant technology in China began in the mid-1990s, so far more than 3,000 patients have benefited. Beijing Tongren Hospital established the largest artificial cochlear implant center in China and completed the first multi-guided cochlear implantation in children in China. Now it has helped more than 800 deaf and deaf children return to the vocal world. At present, this technology still faces many challenges. Now it introduces the research hotspots at home and abroad in recent years.