利用病毒载体转移目的基因是一种高效和实用的技术手段。目前，国内外已广泛将病毒载体用于肿瘤的基因研究，特别是基因治疗研究。本文简要介绍了现在较为成熟和常用的两种病毒载体，即逆转录病毒载体和腺病毒载体的构建、特性、研究进展以及它们在膀胱肿瘤中的应用情况。 The use of viral vectors to transfer the target gene is an efficient and practical technical means. At present, viral vectors are widely used both at home and abroad for gene research of tumors, especially for gene therapy research. This article briefly introduces the two mature and commonly used viral vectors, namely retroviral and adenoviral vector construction, characteristics, research progress and their application in bladder cancer.