早晨

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  献辞:我钟爱的妻子,我在写这些诗作时,饱受折磨;它们令我心痛,惹我神伤。但题献给你时,我心中所感受到的喜悦像大草原一样辽阔。着手此一写作计划时,我深知自古以来诗人们早就从各个面向,以优雅出众的品位,为十四行诗营造出像白银、像水晶、像炮火一样的声韵;然而,我十分谦卑地,以木头为质料创作这些十四行诗,赋予它们那不透明的纯粹物质的音响,传送到你耳边。……
  1959年10月
  
   Naked you are simple as one of your hands;
  Smooth, 1)earthy, small, 2)transparent, round.
  You’ve moon-lines, apple pathways
  Naked you are 3)slender as a naked grain of wheat.
  Naked you are blue as a night in Cuba;
  You’ve vines and stars in your hair.
  Naked you are 4)spacious and yellow
  As summer in a golden church.
  Naked you are tiny as one of your nails;
  Curved, 5)subtle, rosy, till the day is born
  And you withdraw to the underground world.
  As if down a long tunnel of clothing and of 6)chores;
  Your clear light dims, gets dressed, drops its leaves,
  And becomes a naked hand again.
  裸体的你单纯一如你的手,
  光滑,朴拙,小巧,透明, 软润。
  你有月之线条,苹果小径
  裸体的你纤细犹如赤裸的麦粒。
  裸体的你蔚蓝宛如古巴的夜色,
  藤蔓和星群在你发间缠绕。
  裸体的你,辽阔橙黄
  像夏日流连于金色的教堂。
  裸体的你微小一如你的指甲,
  微妙的弧度,玫瑰的色泽,
  直至白日出生
  你方隐身地底。
  仿佛沉入衣服和杂务的漫长隧道,
  你清明的光淡去,穿上衣服,
  落尽繁叶,
  再次成为赤裸的手。
  
  赏析:
  1971年诺贝尔文学奖获得者、当代智利诗人聂鲁达(1904-1973),是20世纪最有影响力的现代诗人之一,其诗具有丰富的想像力,且集超现实主义、浪漫主义和象征主义于一身。他在20岁出版诗集《二十首情诗和一首绝望的歌》后,奠定了他在诗坛的地位,这些情诗在当时像流行曲调或谚语般被传颂着。
  后来,在感情路上寻寻觅觅多年的诗人终于遇到了他此生的最爱,智利女歌唱家玛提尔德·乌鲁提亚;他在他们结婚前,彼此苦恋期间写下了另一巨著《一百首爱的十四行诗》,并把它献给乌鲁提亚。
  诗人在这本情诗集里大量使用了与自然界有关的意象描写女体,将乌鲁提亚提升成为纷扰人世里美好秩序的象征,一股安定灵魂的力量。她是大地,是小麦,是音乐,是河流……她是他存在的理由。诗集分成早晨、中午、傍晚和夜晚四部分,季节变动、死生形貌、爱乐悲色,不断闪现。这是诗人一日的作息,也是一生之作息。本诗就是选自其中的“早晨”篇的第27节。
  1995年上演的电影《邮差》使他的名声从他的故乡推向世界。《邮差》讲述当时流亡国外的聂鲁达和意大利某小岛上一名邮差之间的动人情谊。这部电影不但获得了包括“最佳外语片”在内的多项奥斯卡金像奖提名,也唤起了世人对聂鲁达的怀念和兴趣,更掀起了重读聂鲁达的热潮。在电影原声带里还特别加进14首他的诗作,请到了Sting、Madonna、Julia Roberts等著名影歌星来朗诵。本诗就是其中的开篇。
  翻译、撰稿:MC
  

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