一、引言 我国现有工业厂房约五亿平方米,覆盖固定资产五千亿元左右。解放前的厂房,有相当一部分超过设计使用年限,严重老化。解放后不同时期的厂房设计标准不同,施工质量亦有差异,加之长期外界环境的作用,使得建筑物受到不同程度的危害。还有一些厂房由于工艺改革等原因需定期检查。“八五”计划期间,我国工业建设仍以改造“老厂”为主,新建为 I. INTRODUCTION China’s existing industrial plant is about 500 million square meters, covering about 500 billion yuan in fixed assets. Before the liberation, a considerable part of the factory buildings exceeded the designed service life and were severely aged. After the liberation, the design standards of the workshops in different periods were different, and the construction quality was also different. Combined with the long-term external environment, the buildings were exposed to varying degrees of damage. There are also some factories that need regular inspections due to process reforms and other reasons. During the “Eighth Five-Year Plan” period, China’s industrial construction still focused on transforming the “old factory”.