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多层级治理最初被学者们用来解释欧洲一体化进程。后来,这一术语逐渐扩展到政治学其他研究领域以及公共管理研究领域。多层级治理指的是多个管辖权层面的政府与非政府行为体为解决公共问题而进行的持续互动的制度安排。多层级治理按照不同的划分标准可以划分为不同的模式。按照管辖区域特点、成员身份是否重叠、管辖层级有限还是无限以及制度安排是稳定还是具有弹性等四个因素可以将多层级治理分为两种模式,而引入结构性因素与等级化因素之后,则可以将多层级治理进一步分为四种模式。多层级治理的兴起引起一系列争议,这些争议既有事实层面的也有价值层面的。
Multi-level governance was originally used by scholars to explain the process of European integration. Later, the term gradually extended to other areas of political science and public administration research. Multi-level governance refers to the ongoing interaction between government and non-governmental actors at multiple levels of jurisdiction to address public issues. Multi-level governance can be divided into different modes according to different division criteria. According to the characteristics of the jurisdiction, whether the members overlap, the limited or unlimited jurisdictional level, and whether the institutional arrangement is stable or flexible, we can divide the multi-level governance into two modes. After introducing the structural and hierarchical factors, Multi-level governance can be further divided into four modes. The rise of multi-level governance has caused a series of controversies, both of which are factual and valuable.