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目的了解福建省尘肺病死亡情况,为加强尘肺病人管理,落实并完善尘肺患者的医疗预防措施提供依据。方法对福建省1996~2002年报告的尘肺死亡病例的死因、病种、工业分布、工种分布、接尘工龄等情况进行分析。结果尘肺为死因的第1位,矽肺占死亡总数的95.2%,机械、煤炭、铁道和有色金属系统的死亡病例合计占尘肺死亡总数的93.6%,死亡病例的工种分布以凿岩工和主掘进工居多(66.1%、24.2%),死亡病例的接尘工龄≤3和>20a的比重相似(21.0%、22.6%)。结论尘肺死亡情况中矽肺是关键因素。应加强矽肺病人,尤其是发病工龄短的矽肺病人的健康管理;加强发生短接尘工龄矽肺用人单位的职业卫生监督。
Objective To understand the pneumoconiosis death in Fujian Province and provide basis for strengthening the management of pneumoconiosis patients and implementing and improving the medical precaution measures for pneumoconiosis patients. Methods The mortality, disease types, industrial distribution, type of work distribution and the service life of dust-covered pneumoconiosis reported in Fujian Province from 1996 to 2002 were analyzed. Results Pneumoconiosis was the No. 1 cause of death and silicosis accounted for 95.2% of the total deaths. The deaths of machinery, coal, railways and non-ferrous metal systems accounted for 93.6% of the total number of pneumoconiosis deaths. The death types were classified as rock drills and main tunneling The majority of workers (66.1%, 24.2%) had similar proportions of workers with dusting ≤3 and> 20a (21.0%, 22.6%) in deaths. Conclusion Pneumoconiosis is the key factor in pneumoconiosis. We should strengthen the health management of patients with silicosis, especially patients with short onset of silicosis; strengthen the occupational health supervision of employing units of short-lead silicosis workers.