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以山农15和山农8355为材料,研究外源生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、脱落酸(ABA)对小麦分蘖发生的影响及其作用方式。结果显示,外源IAA和GA3可抑制分蘖的发生,而外源ABA则仅减缓了分蘖发生速率。进一步分析外源激素对分蘖芽生长动态及分蘖节中内源激素变化的影响,发现外源IAA和GA3完全抑制分蘖芽的生长,而外源ABA明显减缓了分蘖芽的生长速率。外源IAA提高分蘖节中IAA含量和IAA/ZT比,抑制ZT含量的提高;外源GA3提高分蘖节中IAA含量、IAA/ZT比和ABA/ZT比,抑制ZT含量的提高;外源ABA提高分蘖节中ABA/ZT比,减缓了ZT含量的升高速率。相关性分析显示,分蘖芽的生长与ZT呈显著正相关,与IAA、IAA/ZT比和ABA/ZT比呈显著负相关,与GA3和ABA呈不显著的负相关。试验结果表明,IAA和ZT在小麦分蘖发生过程中起关键作用,外源激素主要通过影响内源IAA、ZT含量以及IAA/ZT比和ABA/ZT比来影响分蘖芽的生长,进而调控小麦分蘖的发生。
Taking Shannong 15 and Shannong 8355 as materials, the effects of IAA, GA3 and ABA on the tillering of wheat and their mode of action were studied. The results showed that exogenous IAA and GA3 inhibited tillering, while exogenous ABA only slowed the tillering rate. The effects of exogenous hormones on the growth dynamics of tillering buds and the changes of endogenous hormones in tillering nodes were also analyzed. It was found that the exogenous IAA and GA3 completely inhibited the growth of tiller buds, while the exogenous ABA significantly slowed the growth of tiller buds. Exogenous IAA increased the content of IAA and IAA / ZT in tillering stage and inhibited the increase of ZT content. Exogenous GA3 increased IAA content, IAA / ZT ratio and ABA / ZT ratio in tillering stage and inhibited the increase of ZT content. Exogenous ABA Increasing ABA / ZT ratio in tillering node slowed down the rate of increase of ZT content. Correlation analysis showed that the growth of tiller bud was positively correlated with ZT, negatively correlated with IAA, IAA / ZT ratio and ABA / ZT ratio, but not with GA3 and ABA. The results showed that IAA and ZT played key roles in the tillering process of wheat. Exogenous hormones affected the growth of tiller buds mainly through affecting the ratio of endogenous IAA and ZT, IAA / ZT ratio and ABA / ZT ratio, and then regulated tillering of wheat happened.