七十年代是美国科学及工程界人员急剧增长的十年。从1972到1982年,科学家和工程师的队伍每年都以40％的比率增长,而在同一时期里,整个社会的就业率仅增长了2％,从而形成了鲜明的对比。在科学家和工程师二者当中,科学家的增长速度更快,每年达到了6％,工程师也以每年3％的比率增长,他们的就业率明显地高于其它行业的就业率。但是,无论怎样,这些就业状况的增长 The seventies is a decade of dramatic growth in the U.S. science and engineering community. From 1972 to 1982, the ranks of scientists and engineers grew at a rate of 40% each year, while the employment rate of the entire society increased only by 2% over the same period, which made a sharp contrast. Among scientists and engineers, scientists are growing faster, reaching 6% a year, and engineers are also growing at a 3% per annum rate. Their employment rate is clearly above the employment rate in other industries. However, no matter what, these employment conditions increase