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目的比较2014-2016年广州市本地感染登革热首发疫点处置过程,为登革热防控提供科学参考。方法收集2014-2016年广州市本地感染登革热首发疫点基本概况、病例诊断与报告、病例隔离、室内外孳生地清理及成蚊控制、行政组织力度等资料,采用续发病例数、布雷图指数(BI)、标准间指数(SSI)和成蚊密度(ADI)等指标对控制效果进行描述性分析。结果 2014-2016年广州市本地首发疫点均出现在中心城区,人口密度较高。其中2014年首发病例从发病至诊断间隔达10 d,早期病例未采取隔离措施,入户率90%日期长达86 d,介入处置后BI、SSI和ADI均达标日期长达61 d,出现续发病例并暴发,疫情持续169 d,全年报告病例达357例。2016年疫点发生时间与2014年相近,但首发病例从发病至诊断间隔为3 d,早期采取住院隔离,入户率90%日期为3 d,介入处置后BI、SSI和ADI均达标日期仅3 d,未出现续发病例,疫情在30 d内成功结案。结论病例早期发现与隔离、早期蚊媒密度控制、早期行政力度和彻底落实防控措施是预防登革热暴发流行的关键因素。
Objective To compare the treatment of dengue fever in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2016 and provide a scientific reference for prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods The basic information of the first outbreak of dengue fever in Guangzhou from 2014 to 2016 was collected, including the diagnosis and report of case, the isolation of cases, the clean-up of indoor and outdoor breeding grounds, the control of adult mosquitoes and the strength of administrative organization. The data of recurrence cases, (BI), SSI and ADI were used to describe the control effect. Results In 2014-2016, the first local outbreak in Guangzhou occurred in the downtown area with a high population density. Including the first episode of 2014 from the onset to the diagnostic interval of 10 d, no isolation measures were taken in the early stage, and the 90% date of arrival rate was 86 days. BI, SSI and ADI reached the standard of 61 days after intervention Cases and outbreaks, the epidemic continued 169 d, the annual report of 357 cases. The outbreak time of 2016 was similar to that of 2014, but the first case was 3 days after the onset, the hospitalization was isolated in the early stage, and the 90% date of entry was 3 days. BI, SSI and ADI reached the standard only after intervention 3 d, no cases of recurrence occurred, the epidemic was successfully closed within 30 d. Conclusion Early detection and isolation of cases, early mosquito density control, early administration and thorough implementation of prevention and control measures are the key factors in preventing the outbreak of dengue fever.