目的:探讨一期短缩二期延长治疗下肢Gustilo ⅢC型开放性骨折的疗效。方法:回顾性分析武汉市第四医院骨科2010年1月至2018年1月急诊收治的12例下肢Gustilo ⅢC型开放性骨折的患者资料，男8例，女4例；年龄22~67岁，平均41.2岁。所有患者均伴有骨与皮肤软组织缺损，合并下肢神经、血管损伤。软组织缺损面积4 cm×2 cm~17 cm×12 cm；主干血管清创后短缩1.2~8.3 cm，平均4.2 cm；神经断端清创后短缩1.0~8.1 cm，平均4.0 cm；胫骨干缺损长度2.0~9.6 cm，平均6.3 cm。所有患者均急诊一期彻底清创，骨折处短缩外固定支架固定行骨搬运。记录骨延长牵张速度、带架时间及并发症情况，末次随访时根据Paley评分标准评定下肢功能。结果:12例患者术后获14~32个月（平均19.1个月）随访，12例患者肢体均存活且未发生严重感染。12例患者肢体短缩长度2.0~8.2 cm(平均3.6 cm)。骨搬运速度平均0.87 mm/d；带架时间11~16个月（平均13.2个月）。所有患者骨愈合时间10~14个月（平均11.2个月）。7例患者术后马蹄内翻畸形，2例出现Dahl分级3级以下的针道感染。末次随访时根据Paley评分标准评定下肢功能：优8例，良3例，可1例。结论:一期短缩二期利用外固定技术行肢体延长及骨搬运治疗，降低了下肢Gustilo ⅢC型开放性骨折的保肢风险及手术难度，临床效果良好。“,”Objective:To evaluate the treatment strategy of primary shortening plus secondary lengthening for Gustilo ⅢC open fractures in the lower limb.Methods:From January 2010 to January 2018, 12 patients (8 males and 4 females) with complex Gustilo ⅢC open fracture in the lower limb received emergency treatment at Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wuhan Fourth Hospital. Their ages ranged from 22 to 67 years (average, 41.2 years). All patients were complicated with bone and soft tissue defects associated with nerve and vascular injury in the lower limb. The sizes of soft tissue defects ranged from 4 cm × 2 cm to 17 cm × 12 cm; the main arteries were shortened after debridement by an average of 4.2 cm (from 1.2 cm to 8.3 cm); the broken nerves were shortened after debridement by an average of 4.0 cm (from 1.0 cm to 8.1 cm); the tibial shaft defects averaged 6.3 cm in length (from 2.0 to 9.6 cm). All cases were treated at the first stage by emergency debridement and shortening at the fracture site to directly repair the damaged bone, blood vessels and nerves before the wound was covered. After the limb survived and the wound completely healed, an Ilizarov external fixator was installed to lengthen the limb by bone transport. Recorded were speed of bone lengthening, time with external fixation and complications. The lower limb functions were evaluated at the last follow-up by Paley criteria.Results:The 12 patients were followed up for 14 to 32 months (average, 19.1 months). All the limbs survived with no serious infection. The shortening ranged from 2.0 to 8.2 cm (average, 3.6 cm); the mean speed of bone transport was 0.87 mm/day; the time with external fixation ranged from 11 to 16 months (average, 13.2 months); the bony union was achieved after 10 to 14 months (average, 11.2 months). Postoperative horseshoe inversion was reported in 7 patients, and needle tract infection below Dahl grade 3 in 2 cases. According to Paley criteria, the function of lower limb was rated as excellent in 8 cases, as good in 3 cases, and as fair in one.Conclusion:The treatment strategy of primary shortening plus secondary lengthening using Ilizarov technique has lowered the risk for limb salvage and the surgical difficulty, leading to fine clinical outcomes.