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乙肝病毒携带者母亲的儿童,HBsAg阳性者约占20%,而大多数病例是来自HBsAg阳性儿童的交叉感染,因此,控制感染的流行,不能将注意力完全集中于母亲为乙肝病毒携带者的婴儿,对婴儿普遍地进行免疫接种才是真正的预防对策。由于每次接种10μg疫苗价格昂贵,并指出更小剂量的疫苗亦可取效,促使我们试用极小剂量(1μg 与2μg)的疫苗以观察其效果。研究对象为新西兰北岛某地区的新生儿,按随机顺序用1μg或2μg疫苗于新生儿出生后第1周,第6周及第5个月分别注射3次,头两次注射于大腿,第3次于三角肌。母亲为乙肝病毒携带者的婴儿,不列为研究对象。所有婴儿于出生后7～10月采血检测。HBsAg用反相被动血凝试验(RPHA)及酶免疫测定(EIA)。抗-HBs测定用RPHA,滴度<1/16为阴性。所有婴儿血清均用EIA行抗-HBc检测,如为阳性再用放射免疫测定(RIA)进行确定。结果表明,1μg疫苗注射组29例中,25例出现抗-HBs,除去3例滴度较低外,22例(76%)获满意效果。2μg疫苗注射组32例中,抗-HBs阳性者为
Children with hepatitis B virus carriers have about 20% HBsAg positive, and the majority of cases are from cross-infection from HBsAg-positive children, so controlling the prevalence of infection can not focus exclusively on mothers with hepatitis B virus carriers Babies, the universal immunization of infants is the real preventive measures. Since each inoculation of 10 μg of vaccine is expensive and points out that smaller doses of the vaccine are also effective, prompting us to try out very small doses (1 μg and 2 μg) of the vaccine to observe its effect. The subjects were neonates from a certain area in the North Island of New Zealand. The mice were injected with 1μg or 2μg of vaccine in random order at the first week, the sixth week and the fifth month after birth. 3 times in the deltoid. Babies whose mothers are hepatitis B carriers are not included in the study. All babies tested blood samples from July to October after birth. Reversed-phase passive hemagglutination test (RPHA) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for HBsAg. Anti-HBs assay with RPHA, titers <1/16 negative. All infant serums were tested for anti-HBc with EIA and positive as radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results showed that anti-HBs were found in 25 of 29 patients injected with 1μg of vaccine, and satisfactory results were obtained in 22 patients (76%) except 3 patients with low titer. In the 2μg vaccination group, 32 cases were positive for anti-HBs