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目的了解高周波机作业接触电磁辐射对女工生殖健康的影响。方法对制鞋、充气玩具制造厂高周波机作业岗位检测电磁波电场强度,并对该岗位女工及对照组女工进行问卷调查,了解生育健康情况。结果制鞋、充气玩具制造厂高周波机作业岗位电磁波电场强度超过国家接触限值比例为100%。观察组女工流产率较高,尤其是怀孕3个月后流产率显著高于对照组;月经异常高于对照组,表现在月经周期紊乱、经量减少、月经伴有淤血、痛经等方面。结论制鞋、充气玩具制造厂高周波机作业岗位接触电磁辐射强度超出国家规定限值范围,企业应做好机器的接地和屏蔽防护,降低电磁辐射强度。高频电磁辐射可能增加女工妊娠流产的机会,尤其是在怀孕3个月以后;对月经也可能有影响。
Objective To understand the impact of high frequency machine-occupational exposure to electromagnetic radiation on reproductive health of female workers. Methods The intensity of electric field of electromagnetic wave was detected in the high frequency machine operation of shoe and inflatable toy factory. The women workers in the post and the control group were surveyed to find out the situation of reproductive health. Results Footwear, inflatable toy factory high frequency machine job electromagnetic field strength exceeds the national exposure limit of 100%. Abortion rate of observation group was high, especially after 3 months of pregnancy, the abortion rate was significantly higher than that of control group. Menstrual abnormality was higher than that of control group, manifested in aspects of menstrual cycle disturbance, menstrual flow reduction, menstruation with congestion and dysmenorrhea. Conclusions The contact electromagnetic radiation intensity of high-frequency machine operation in shoe-making and inflatable toy factories exceeds the limits stipulated by the state. Enterprises should make the grounding and shield protection of machines and reduce the intensity of electromagnetic radiation. High-frequency electromagnetic radiation may increase the chances of pregnancy induced abortion among women workers, especially after 3 months of pregnancy; menstruation may also be affected.