论文部分内容阅读
含六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷（CL‑20）和铝粉的炸药及推进剂表现出优良的能量性能，Al/CL‑20基含能材料已成为研究的热点。以聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）作为黏结剂，以纳米铝粉和六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷（CL‑20）为原料，采用微流控技术制备了nAl@PVDF和nAl@PVDF@CL‑20复合微颗粒。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和激光粒度分析仪对两种复合微颗粒进行形貌和粒径分析，并用扫描电镜观察复合微颗粒的剖面表征其内部结构，采用傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）进行结构分析，采用热重‑差示扫描量热仪（TG‑DSC）进行热分析。结果表明，制备的两种复合微颗粒球形度高，分散性好，粒度分布均匀，粒径为10~20 μm；复合微颗粒内部各组分分布均匀，各组分之间是物理复合，不存在化学键。热分析结果表明，nAl@PVDF和nAl@PVDF@CL‑20复合微颗粒中PVDF和nAl表面的氧化层之间均发生了预点火反应，预点火反应放出的热量能够促进PVDF的分解；与nAl和PVDF复合能够促进CL‑20的分解反应；与机械混合的nAl/PVDF/CL‑20材料相比，微流控技术制备的nAl@PVDF@CL‑20复合微颗粒各组分分布更加均匀。“,”The explosives and propellants containing hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane （CL‑20） and aluminum （Al） powders show excellent energy properties， and Al/CL‑20‑based energetic materials have become the focus of research. By using polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） as binder combined with nano‑aluminum （nAl） powders and CL‑20， the nAl@PVDF and nAl@PVDF@CL‑20 composite energetic particles could be prepared via microfluidic technology. The morphology， internal structure， and particle size of two composite particles were observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM） and laser particle size analyzer. Chemical structure of composite particles was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FTIR）. Thermogravimetry‑differential scanning calorimetry （TG‑DSC） was used for thermal analysis. The results show that the as‑prepared composite particles exhibit high sphericity， good dispersibility， and uniform particle size distribution with the particle size of 10-20 μm. The components of composite particles are well‑distributed， and there is no chemical bond between the components. Thermal analysis results display that both nAl@PVDF and nAl@PVDF@CL‑20 composite particles exhibit pre‑ignition reaction between PVDF and surface oxidation layer of nAl. The heat released from the pre‑ignition reaction could promote the decomposition of PVDF. The decomposition reaction of CL‑20 could be accelerated by combining with nAl and PVDF. Compared with nAl/PVDF/CL‑20 material acquired by mechanical mixing， nAl@PVDF@CL‑20 composite particles prepared by microfluidic method possess homogeneous component distribution.