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本文对万寿菊与孔雀草杂交育种进行了研究,以万寿菊雄性不育系为母本,孔雀草为父本,进行杂交,选育子代不育的、且具有远缘杂种优势的组合。结果,选出2个不育组合ACHY021×PBHO026和ACHY021×PBH0029,并对亲子代的性状(株高、株型、花型、抗性、花期、花朵数、花器等)进行分析得出,F1代的株型、根茎颜色、花型、花色,表现为父本孔雀草性状;而叶型、叶色、茎粗壮程度表现为母本万寿菊性状;超亲性状为花径、抗性、生长势;对杂种花器观察表明,雄蕊、雌蕊都表现不正常,子代表现高度的不育。对亲本及子代的染色体鉴定得出:万寿菊2n=2x=24,孔雀草2n=4x=48,二者杂交子代2n=3x=36,说明此2个组合的子代不育是3倍体造成的,从而为万寿菊开辟多倍体育种的新途径。
In this paper, the hybridization breeding of marigolds and matsutake was studied. The marigold male sterile line was used as the female parent and the matsutake as the male parent for the hybridization, the selection of sterile progenies, and the combination of distant heterosis. As a result, two sterile combinations, ACHY021 × PBHO026 and ACHY021 × PBH0029, were selected and analyzed for the characteristics of parents and offspring (plant height, plant type, flower type, resistance, flowering period, number of flowers, flowers, etc.) The plant type, rhizome color, floral pattern and flower color presented as the maternal maitake traits, while the leaf, leaf color and stem thickness showed the maternal marigold characters. The super-progeny traits were flower diameter, resistance and growth Potential; hybrid flower observation showed that the stamens, pistils are not normal performance, the offspring of a high degree of infertility. Chromosome identification of the parents and offspring: 2n = 2x = 24 marigold, 2n = 4x = 48, 2n = 3x = 36, the progeny of these two combinations is 3 Ploidy caused by, so as to open up a new way for Polygonatum species marigold.