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铁电体是一类具有自发极化的电介质,其自发极化矢量可以在外电场的作用下转向。许多铁电体同时具有热释电、压电、电光、声光、非线性光学效应和很大的介电系数。由于在铁电体中声、光、电、热等效应出现交叉耦合,因而这类物质中具有丰富的物理现象和广泛的应用前景。近年来随着集成电路技术的飞速发展,人们实现了铁电薄膜材料与微电子器件的集成,集成铁电学由此诞生,材料科学研究因此掀开了崭新的一页。
Ferroelectrics are a type of dielectric with spontaneous polarization whose spontaneous polarization vectors can be steered by external electric fields. Many ferroelectrics have both pyroelectric, piezoelectric, electro-optic, acousto-optic, nonlinear optical effects, and large dielectric coefficients. Due to the cross-coupling of the effects of sound, light, electricity and heat in ferroelectrics, such substances have abundant physical phenomena and a wide range of applications. In recent years, with the rapid development of integrated circuit technology, people have realized the integration of ferroelectric thin film materials and microelectronic devices, and the integrated ferroelectricity was born. Material science research thus opened a brand new page.