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家庭是社会最基本的单位,是基于婚姻、血缘而共同生活着的人们的基本活动场所。人的一生有三分之一以上的时间是在家庭中度过的,因此,在这里存在着类似的、甚至相同的生活方式,存在着人与人之间特殊而密切的接触。我们习惯上认为家庭是最温馨、最安全的,家庭中也就成了最不设防的地方,这就促进了疾病在家庭成员之间相互传播,也就是更有机会对病原微生物的共同暴露。有关家庭中传染病暴发的案例屡有报道,已引起了广泛重视。进入21世纪以来,人类依然遭受着各种传染病的困扰,一些被认为早已得到控制的传染病又卷土重来,如结核病、霍乱、鼠疫、疟疾等,更为严峻的是新的病原体又在不断地被发现,如艾滋病、禽流感、疯牛病等等,在此形势下,家庭卫生防病消毒毫无疑问地成了预防传染病的重要环节。为使人们能够正确掌握和合理使用消毒方法,以预防和控制传染病在家庭中的发生和传播,现将家庭中常用的物理消毒方法介绍一下。
Family is the most basic unit of society and a place for basic activities of people living together on the basis of marriage and blood. More than a third of the human life is spent in the family, so there is a similar and even identical lifestyle here, with a special and intimate contact between people. We are accustomed to think that the family is the most warmth, the most secure, and the least fortified place in the family, which promotes the spread of the disease among family members, that is, a greater chance of co-exposure to pathogenic microorganisms. The frequent reports of cases of outbreaks of infectious diseases in families have drawn wide attention. Since the 21st century, human beings have still been plagued by various infectious diseases. Some infectious diseases that have been controlled long ago have also come back again, such as tuberculosis, cholera, plague and malaria. What is more serious is that new pathogens are continuously Be discovered, such as AIDS, bird flu, mad cow disease and so on, in this situation, the family health disease prevention and disinfection has undoubtedly become an important part of the prevention of infectious diseases. In order to enable people to correctly grasp and rational use of disinfection methods to prevent and control the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases in the family, the commonly used method of physical disinfection in the family is introduced.