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目的探讨描述生长发育长期趋势的适宜指标,并通过比较选择适宜的时间跨度。方法根据大连市1948-2008年10个时间点的城市高中男生的身高、体重、胸围资料,选取短至5 a、长至17 a的不同时间跨度,计算“年增长率”(‰)。结果以身高为例,1959-1963年(5 a跨度)的年增长率为-5.64‰,1959-1974年(16 a跨度)的年增长率为0.98‰;除特殊时期1959-1963年外,以10 a左右的时间跨度来计算,“年增长率”分布在0.64‰～4.10‰,以5 a左右为时间跨度计算,分布在0.64‰～2.78‰。结论描述生长发育长期趋势,宜于采用年增长率这个相对数,时间跨度以10 a为宜;若出现重大营养问题,采用5 a的跨度更为敏感。
Objective To explore the appropriate indicators to describe the long-term trend of growth and development, and select the appropriate time span by comparison. Methods According to the height, weight and bust data of urban high school boys from 1948 to 2008 in Dalian City from 1948 to 2008, we selected the different time spans as short as 5 years and up to 17 years, and calculated the annual growth rate (‰) . The results of height, for example, 1959-1963 (5 a-span) annual growth rate of -5.64 ‰, 1959-1974 (16 a-span) annual growth rate of 0.98 ‰; Except for the special period 1959-1963 years, Calculated with the time span of about 10 years, the “annual growth rate” is distributed in the range of 0.64 ‰ ~ 4.10 ‰, calculated as the time span of about 5 years and distributed in the range of 0.64 ‰ ~ 2.78 ‰. Conclusion To describe the long-term trend of growth and development, it is advisable to adopt the relative annual growth rate with a time span of 10 years. If there are major nutritional problems, the span of 5 years is more sensitive.