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目的分析2006-2015年余庆县法定传染病的发病趋势和流行特征,供防控工作参考。方法用描述性流行病学方法对疫情资料进行统计分析。结果 2006-2015年余庆县共报告乙、丙类传染病26种(无甲类报告)12 293例,年均发病率413.78/10万,死亡28例,年均死亡率0.94/10万,总体发病率呈下降趋势(χ2=387.49,P<0.05),其中,乙类传染病发病率呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=1 043.84,P<0.05),丙类传染病发病率从2007年开始呈逐年上升趋势(χ2=723.52,P<0.05);丙类传染病呈4月~6月(占35.25%)和10月~11月(占29.61%)双峰分布;高发乡镇为白泥镇(501.24/10万)、龙溪镇(465.50/10万)、松烟镇(443.05/10万)和小腮镇(441.87/10万);男女发病之比为1.58∶1,年龄以30~40岁组最多占20.37%,其次是55~65岁组占16.72%,职业以农民最多占发病总数的52.84%,其次是散居儿童占18.05%和学生占12.07%。肺结核、手足口病、乙肝、流行性腮腺炎、其他感染性腹泻和细菌性痢疾为重点防控病种。结论需针对重点人群、重点地区、重点病种及时调整防治策略并采取针对性防控措施。
Objective To analyze the trend and epidemic characteristics of legal infectious diseases in Yuqing County from 2006 to 2015 for reference of prevention and control work. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data. Results A total of 12 293 cases of Category A and B infectious diseases were reported in Yuqing County from 2006 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 413.78 / 100 000 and 28 cases of death, with an average annual mortality of 0.94 / 100 000. The overall incidence rate showed a downward trend (χ2 = 387.49, P <0.05). The incidence of type B infectious diseases showed a declining trend year by year (χ2 = 1 043.84, P <0.05). The incidence of type C infectious diseases (Χ2 = 723.52, P <0.05); C infectious diseases showed bimodal distribution in April-June (35.25%) and October-November (29.61% 501.24 / 100 000), Longxi Town (465.50 / 100000), Songyan Town (443.05 / 100000) and Xiaogai Town (441.87 / 100000). The ratio of male to female incidence was 1.58: 1 and the age was 30-40 The highest group accounted for 20.37%, followed by the 55-65 year-old group accounted for 16.72% occupations to farmers accounted for up to 52.84% of the total incidence, followed by scattered children accounted for 18.05% and students accounted for 12.07%. Tuberculosis, hand-foot-mouth disease, hepatitis B, mumps, other infectious diarrhea and bacillary dysentery are the key prevention and control diseases. Conclusion It is necessary to timely adjust the prevention and control strategies and take targeted prevention and control measures in key populations, key areas and key diseases.