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目的了解监测县及监测点地方性砷中毒的现状、防治措施落实情况及防治效果。方法按照《全国地方性砷中毒监测方案》调查防砷改水进度及工程管理使用情况。采用AFS-930双道原子荧光光度计检测饮水和8~12岁儿童尿砷含量。普查监测点居民砷中毒患病情况及死因。结果监测县改水率为8.81%,受益人口率为12.60%;已改水的14个工程均正常使用。监测点饮水砷含量为0.005mg/L;8~12岁儿童尿砷均值为0.024mg/L;查出砷中毒患者14例,均为轻度患者,患病率6.19%。结论监测县防砷改水设施管理使用良好,但改水率较低。监测点砷中毒病情较轻,儿童尿砷已在正常范围内,表明改水可控制病情的发生和发展。
Objective To understand the status quo of endemic arsenism in monitoring counties and monitoring sites, the implementation of control measures and the control effect. Methods According to the “National Arsenic Monitoring Program”, the progress of anti-arsenic treatment and the management of engineering use were investigated. AFS-930 dual-channel atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer was used to detect urinary arsenic in drinking water and children aged 8-12 years. Arsenicosis prevalence and cause of death among residents at census monitoring sites. Results Monitoring County water rate was 8.81%, the beneficiary population rate was 12.60%; 14 projects have been diverted water are normal use. The arsenic content of drinking water in the monitoring point was 0.005mg / L; the average urinary arsenic in children aged 8 ~ 12 was 0.024mg / L; and 14 cases of arsenic poisoning were found, both of which were mild and the prevalence was 6.19%. Conclusion Monitoring arsenic water diversion facilities management is good, but the water change rate is low. Arsenic poisoning at the monitoring site was mild, and urinary arsenic in children was within the normal range, indicating that water diversion could control the occurrence and development of the disease.