免疫球蛋白是由两条重链和两条轻链构成的。每一条肽链又分成靠N端的易变区(V)和靠C端的不变区(C)。免疫球蛋白肽链的合成是受位于常染体上,彼此不相连锁的三大基因群(重链,λ轻链和κ轻链基因群)编码的,而重链的类别(μ,δ,γ, Immunoglobulins are composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. Each peptide chain is further divided into an N-terminal variable region (V) and a C-terminal constant region (C). The synthesis of immunoglobulin peptide chains is encoded by the three major gene groups (heavy chain, lambda light chain and kappa light chain gene group) that are located on an autosome and are not linked to each other, whereas the class of heavy chains (μ, δ , γ,