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目的探讨汶川地震后儿童和青少年社会支持以及心理卫生服务利用与心理危机的关系。方法采用随机抽样和系统抽样相结合的方法,利用地震创伤经历问卷(EEQ)、儿童创伤后应激障碍反应指数量表(CPTSD-RI)以及儿童抑郁指数量表(CDI)进行调查,采用描述性统计、χ2检验以及Pearson相关等进行统计分析。结果共调查596名儿童和青少年,创伤后应激障碍、抑郁分值随社会支持度的提高有逐渐下降趋势,震后儿童和青少年心理卫生服务利用率随时间显著下降,从初次调查的34.60%跌至随访调查的9.51%。Pearson相关显示,社会支持分值与PTSD(r=-0.10,P=0.04)、抑郁(r=-0.42,P<0.01)显著相关。结论地震后灾区儿童和青少年心理卫生服务利用率下降明显,震后心理援助工作持续性不足。
Objective To explore the relationship between social support for children and adolescents and the utilization of mental health services and psychological crisis after the Wenchuan earthquake. Methods The methods of random sampling and systematic sampling were used to investigate the data of the earthquake trauma experience questionnaire (EEQ), children’s post-traumatic stress disorder response index (CPTSD-RI) and children’s depression index scale (CDI) Sex statistic, χ2 test and Pearson correlation and so on. Results A total of 596 children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were surveyed. The scores of depression decreased gradually with the increase of social support. After the earthquake, the utilization rate of mental health services in children and adolescents decreased significantly from 34.60% Fell to 9.51% of the follow-up survey. Pearson’s correlations showed that social support scores were significantly associated with PTSD (r = -0.10, P = 0.04) and depression (r = -0.42, P <0.01). Conclusion The utilization rate of mental health services for children and adolescents in the disaster-stricken areas dropped significantly after the earthquake, and the psychological assistance work was not sustained after the earthquake.