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改革开放以来,我国的经济蓬勃发展,工业技术水平不断提高,轴承作为机械行业中的紧密基础件,近几年产量、质量都得到了发展和提高,对日本等轴承产业较发达的国家的制造商产生了相当大的压力,他们预感到中国轴承业的发展对他们将是一个挑战,感到有必要采取措施来维持已被他们控制的欧美市场。(欧美市场的轴承用量占了全球的50％以上。)由于他们无法在制造技术上进行垄断,无法在制造成本上进行竞争,企图通过反倾销的手段,不公正地把中国轴承排挤出美国市场。另一个原因是在2000年布什政府通过了一项“伯德法案”,此法案规定美国海关征收的反倾销税可补贴给当初提出起诉的企业,这大大刺激了美国企业起诉反倾销的积极性。2001年11月14日,美国轴承制造协会的14家成员企业在佛罗里达州召开会议,由NSK等日资企业提出对中国球轴承进行反倾销倡议,获得多数成员企业的赞同。这里值得一提的是中国输美球轴承绝大部分是微小型产品,而美国本土企业很少生产这类轴承,主要是向日本进口,日本正是生产高质量微小型轴承的大国。由此可见,此案表面上是美国对中国的反倾销起诉,实质上是日本轴承企业和中国轴承企业争夺美国市场的一次激烈较量。
Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has boomed and the level of industrial technology continues to rise. As a close basis in the machinery industry, bearings have been developed and improved in quality in recent years. Manufacturing in countries where the bearing industry is more developed in Japan There was considerable pressure on them and they foretold that the development of China’s bearing industry would be a challenge to them and felt it necessary to take measures to maintain the markets in Europe and the United States that they have controlled. (The bearings in the European and American markets account for more than 50% of the world’s bearings.) Because they can not monopolize their manufacturing technology, they can not compete in manufacturing costs in an attempt to unjustly squeeze Chinese bearings out of the U.S. market through anti-dumping measures. Another reason is that in 2000 the Bush administration passed a Byrd Act that stipulated that the anti-dumping duties levied by the U.S. Customs could be subsidized to those companies that originally filed the lawsuits. This greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of U.S. companies in prosecuting anti-dumping cases. On November 14, 2001, 14 member companies of the American Bearing Manufacturers Association held a meeting in Florida. Japanese companies such as NSK proposed anti-dumping initiatives on Chinese ball bearings and won the approval of the majority of member companies. It is worth mentioning here that the vast majority of China’s lost-American ball bearings are tiny products, while the United States rarely sells these kinds of bearings, mainly imported into Japan. Japan is a big country producing high-quality miniature bearings. It can be seen from this that the case on the surface is the U.S. anti-dumping prosecution against China. In essence, it is a fierce contest between Japan’s bearing enterprises and Chinese bearing enterprises for the U.S. market.