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用扫描电镜观察了国内22种粉煤灰的形貌,发现粉煤灰由三种主要颗粒组成,即球形颗粒、不规则的熔融颗粒(熔融玻璃体及多孔疏松熔融玻璃体)、炭粒。根据此三种颗粒的组成和比例,可将粉煤灰分成四类:Ⅰ类含球形颗粒;Ⅱ类除含球形颗粒外还有少量熔融玻璃体,该二类均为质量良好的粉煤灰,可以用作建筑材料;Ⅲ类主要为熔融玻璃体和多孔疏松熔融玻璃体,必需加以磨细方可使用;Ⅳ类为疏松熔融玻璃体及炭粒组成,不能用作建筑材料。
The morphology of 22 kinds of fly ash in China was observed by scanning electron microscope. It was found that the fly ash consisted of three main particles, namely spherical particles, irregular melting particles (melted glass body and porous loose molten glass body), and carbon particles. According to the composition and proportion of these three kinds of particles, fly ash can be divided into four categories: Type I contains spherical particles; Type II contains a small amount of molten glass body in addition to spherical particles, both of which are of good quality fly ash. Can be used as a building material; Class III is mainly composed of a molten glass body and a porous, loosely-fused glass body, which must be ground before it can be used. Type IV is composed of a loosely molten glass body and charcoal particles and cannot be used as a building material.