充血性心力衰竭(CHF)是临床常见的综合征,但其病理生理因素在不同患者中可很不同。本文复习 CHF 时所涉及的主要因素,并讨论改变这些因素在治疗上的意义。心力衰竭的病因发生 CHF 的病理生理过程主要包括:压力负荷过重、容量负荷过重、肌肉的丧失、收缩力的减退和充盈受限。压力负荷过重通常由于体循环高血压或流出道梗阻(如主动脉瓣狭窄)所致。同样,右心室可因各种原因所致的肺动脉高压而受累。容量负荷过重可 Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a clinically common syndrome, but its pathophysiological factors can be very different in different patients. This review of the main factors involved in the CHF, and discuss the significance of changing these factors in the treatment. The etiology of heart failure The pathophysiology of CHF mainly includes: stress overload, capacity overload, muscle loss, loss of contractility and filling limited. Stress overload is usually due to systemic hypertension or outflow tract obstruction (such as aortic stenosis) caused. Similarly, the right ventricle can be affected by various causes of pulmonary hypertension. Capacity overload can be