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“阅读简答”题是中考英语“阅读理解”的一种新的考查题目,它侧重于考查考生了解细节､获得信息､体会含义､领悟主旨以及对短文进行综合评价等方面的能力｡
“阅读简答”题可分为客观细节题和主观推论题两种｡客观细节题一般都可以直接从文章中找出答案｡只要弄清文章的时间(when)､地点(where)､人物(who)､事件(event)和原因(why),判断出某些词语或句子的确切含义就可以了｡主观推论题则要求考生根据文章的事实细节,文章可能存在的潜在内涵,事情的原因与后果,人物行为的动机等方面来考虑答题｡要做好这类题目,除了掌握以上的基本技能外,还须注意从以下几个方面掌握解题技巧｡
1. 通读全文抓中心｡迅速阅读全文,掌握短文的大意,把握中心句是理解短文的关键｡中心句往往从每段的第一句或最后一句可以找到｡
2. 细读难句慎答题｡针对有关的问题,仔细研读与题干相关的语句或段落,抓住关键的细节描述,找出有用的信息,认真分析长句和难句结构,并仔细推敲,理清文章的脉络和上下文之间隐含的关系,有时还要结合常识进行推理,从而找到正确答案｡
3. 复读全文核查答案｡做完题后,考生应该复读全文,梳理所填信息,核查一下答案是否前后矛盾,以确保其准确性｡
值得一提的是:对于较短的文章,可以先通读全文,再看问题作答;对于较长并较难的文章,如一些科普性的或时事性的文章,可以先看问题,带着问题去通读全文,捕捉相关信息,做到有的放矢｡
实例分析
It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. Get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with (接觸)other people. It’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests.
Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.
Look people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think you’re not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.
Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves before talking about “me, me, me”. Ask lots of questions. Show an interest in their answers.
Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect(尊敬), and admire(羡慕)——not just with those who are easy to meet. Be friendly with a lot of people. That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances for making friends.
Answer the following questions according to the passage. (根据短文内容,回答下列问题｡)
1. How can we have more friends easily?
2. When Jim talks to people, he always looks right, left, or at the door. Do you think it’s right? Why or why not?
3. Cindy always talks about herself when she talks to other people. What advice(建议) do you think she needs to follow?
4. What should you do if you want to have more chances for making friends?
5. What’s the main idea of the passage?
简析:本文主要谈了交朋友时应注意的一些细节问题｡
通过第1段(关键第2句)可以得出第1小题的答案为:Get in touch with other people.
从第3段可以推断出第2小题第一问的答案为: No./I don’t think so.第二问的答案为: Because people may think he’s not interested in them./Because he should look people in the eye./Because it’s impolite/not polite.
从第4段可以得出第3小题的答案为: Be a good listener./Let people talk about themselves before talking about “her, her, her”./Listen to other people first.
第4小题的答案可以从最后一段得出｡如果你想有更多的机会交朋友,就必须做到: Be friendly with other (a lot of )people./Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect and admire——not just with those who are easy to meet.
第5小题为主旨推断题｡通读全文可以推知,全文的主题为: How to make friends./To make friends./Making friends.
“阅读简答”题可分为客观细节题和主观推论题两种｡客观细节题一般都可以直接从文章中找出答案｡只要弄清文章的时间(when)､地点(where)､人物(who)､事件(event)和原因(why),判断出某些词语或句子的确切含义就可以了｡主观推论题则要求考生根据文章的事实细节,文章可能存在的潜在内涵,事情的原因与后果,人物行为的动机等方面来考虑答题｡要做好这类题目,除了掌握以上的基本技能外,还须注意从以下几个方面掌握解题技巧｡
1. 通读全文抓中心｡迅速阅读全文,掌握短文的大意,把握中心句是理解短文的关键｡中心句往往从每段的第一句或最后一句可以找到｡
2. 细读难句慎答题｡针对有关的问题,仔细研读与题干相关的语句或段落,抓住关键的细节描述,找出有用的信息,认真分析长句和难句结构,并仔细推敲,理清文章的脉络和上下文之间隐含的关系,有时还要结合常识进行推理,从而找到正确答案｡
3. 复读全文核查答案｡做完题后,考生应该复读全文,梳理所填信息,核查一下答案是否前后矛盾,以确保其准确性｡
值得一提的是:对于较短的文章,可以先通读全文,再看问题作答;对于较长并较难的文章,如一些科普性的或时事性的文章,可以先看问题,带着问题去通读全文,捕捉相关信息,做到有的放矢｡
实例分析
It’s hard to make friends if you stay home alone all the time. Get out of the house and do things that will put you in touch with (接觸)other people. It’s easier to make friends when you have similar interests.
Don’t be afraid to show people what you’re really good at. Talk about the things you like and do best. People will be interested in you if there is something interesting about you.
Look people in the eye when you talk to them. That way, they’ll find it easier to talk to you, or people may think you’re not interested in them and may stop being interested in you.
Be a good listener. Let people talk about themselves before talking about “me, me, me”. Ask lots of questions. Show an interest in their answers.
Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect(尊敬), and admire(羡慕)——not just with those who are easy to meet. Be friendly with a lot of people. That way, you’ll have a bigger group of people to choose from and have more chances for making friends.
Answer the following questions according to the passage. (根据短文内容,回答下列问题｡)
1. How can we have more friends easily?
2. When Jim talks to people, he always looks right, left, or at the door. Do you think it’s right? Why or why not?
3. Cindy always talks about herself when she talks to other people. What advice(建议) do you think she needs to follow?
4. What should you do if you want to have more chances for making friends?
5. What’s the main idea of the passage?
简析:本文主要谈了交朋友时应注意的一些细节问题｡
通过第1段(关键第2句)可以得出第1小题的答案为:Get in touch with other people.
从第3段可以推断出第2小题第一问的答案为: No./I don’t think so.第二问的答案为: Because people may think he’s not interested in them./Because he should look people in the eye./Because it’s impolite/not polite.
从第4段可以得出第3小题的答案为: Be a good listener./Let people talk about themselves before talking about “her, her, her”./Listen to other people first.
第4小题的答案可以从最后一段得出｡如果你想有更多的机会交朋友,就必须做到: Be friendly with other (a lot of )people./Try to make friends with the kind of people you really like, respect and admire——not just with those who are easy to meet.
第5小题为主旨推断题｡通读全文可以推知,全文的主题为: How to make friends./To make friends./Making friends.