“孔门四科”在汉代渐次演绎成为批评人物的标尺,“文学”的观念也发生了变化,从以政事为中心的文教之学转向了以文字表达为主的文章之学。徐陵的德行风范、言语行为、政事决策都有过人之处,如再辅以卓越的文学才能,一代文宗非其莫属。通过对徐陵传记的分析,要成为“一代文宗”需要具备三个条件:一是要在文学上超越时人,成为本时代最为优秀的文学家;二是要在政事上有所作为,取得一定的政治地位;三是要能荐引后进,形成影响力。“文学”是“文宗”的本分,“政事”是决定要素,“言语”是影响要素,“德行”是认证要素。并且“德行”是总领另外三个条件的决定因素,德才兼备方可获得士林的承认,四者相得益彰遂能引领一时风气,方能获得本朝文学史上的文学宗主之地位。 In the Han Dynasty, “Confucius and Mencius” gradually became the ruler to criticize people, and the notion of “literature” also changed. From the tradition of culture and education, which took politics as the center, it turned to the study of articles based on writing . Xu Ling’s virtues, speech acts, political affairs and decision-making have extraordinary features, such as supplemented by excellent literary talent, a generation of literary talent must go its own course. Through the analysis of Xu Ling’s biography, it is necessary to become a “generation of Wenzong.” There are three conditions that need to be met: one is to literally transcend people and become the most outstanding writers in this age; the other is to make a difference in political affairs , To obtain a certain political status; the third is to be able to recommend lead, the formation of influence. “Literature ” is “Wenzong ” part, “affairs ” is the decisive element, “speech ” is the impact of elements, “virtue ” is the certification element. And “virtue” is the decisive factor for the other three conditions of the leader. Only when both ability and political integrity are available can Shihlin be recognized. All four can complement one another in order to gain the status of literary lord in the literary history.