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天然林资源保护工程是在中国广泛开展的一项重要生态建设工程。本文在构建生态多元评估指标体系的基础上,评估工程实施的生态成效,对于其进一步决策与管理具有重要的科学意义。通过遥感、生态系统质量等多源数据融合,采用生态系统宏观格局、生态系统质量、生态系统服务等方面指标的现状和时空变化特征,评估小陇山地区天然林保护一期工程(2000-2010年)实施成效。结果表明:(1)工程实施后,小陇山地区落叶阔叶林、落叶阔叶灌木林、草地等生态系统类型的面积大幅度增加,生态系统宏观状况转好,其中黄河流域生态系统宏观状况转好趋势明显好于长江流域。(2)研究区叶面积指数(LAI)和最大植被覆盖度(FC)在2000-2010年期间的多年变化斜率分别为0.022和0.510,生态系统质量上升趋势明显。其中黄河流域改善程度高于长江流域。(3)2010年研究区固碳量为700.20 t/hm2,相比工程初期的2000年增加了4.69%;工程实施之后的10年间,研究区水源涵养量呈增长趋势,土壤保持量亦呈增长趋势;就流域而言,黄河流域的生态系统服务的提升程度均更为明显。
Natural forest resources protection project is an important ecological construction project widely carried out in China. On the basis of constructing the index system of ecologically diverse assessment, this paper evaluates the ecological effects of project implementation and has important scientific significance for its further decision-making and management. Through the integration of multi-source data such as remote sensing and ecosystem quality, the paper evaluates the first phase of natural forest protection in Xiaolongshan area (2000-2010) by using the current situation of ecosystem macroeconomics, ecosystem quality and ecosystem services, Year) implemented. The results showed that: (1) After the project was implemented, the area of ecosystem types such as deciduous broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad-leaved shrub and grassland in Xiaolongshan increased significantly, and the macroeconomic conditions of the ecosystem improved. Among them, the macroscopic condition of the ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin The turnaround trend is obviously better than the Yangtze River. (2) The slope of multi-year change of leaf area index (LAI) and maximum vegetation coverage (FC) between 2000 and 2010 was 0.022 and 0.510, respectively. The ecosystem quality increased obviously. Among them, the improvement of the Yellow River Basin is higher than that of the Yangtze River Basin. (3) The amount of carbon sequestration in the study area in 2010 was 700.20 t / hm2, an increase of 4.69% compared with that in the initial stage of the project in 2010. In the 10 years after the project was put into practice, water conservation in the study area showed an increasing trend and soil conservation increased Trend; in terms of river basins, the improvement of ecosystem services in the Yellow River Basin is even more obvious.