在我們头頂上是深厚的空气“海洋”(图1)。在这个“海洋”的底部,地面上1公里以下的近地层大气,受地面的影响很大,它的物理性质如溫度、气压、流速等,随着高度和时間而急剧地变化着,并且直接影响着地面上的生物。1公里到50公里之間的大气,受地面的影响比較小,称为自由大气,一般的天气現象都发生在这里。50公里 Above our head is a deep air “ocean” (Figure 1). At the bottom of this “ocean”, the near-surface atmosphere below 1 km above the ground is greatly affected by the ground. Its physical properties such as temperature, pressure, and velocity, etc., change drastically with height and time, and Directly affects the creatures on the ground. The atmosphere between 1km and 50km is relatively small due to the influence of the ground, which is called the free atmosphere. The general weather phenomenon occurs here. 50 km