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[目的]为区分不同产地大黄药材的质量及鉴别提供依据。[方法]将供试材料青海玉树掌叶大黄(样品1)、青海海南唐古特大黄(样品2)与青海果洛唐古特大黄(样品3)分别粉碎成粉末,过100目筛,即可供X射线衍射试验用。设定管压30 kV,管流20 mA,2θ扫描范围3°～90°,扫描速度0.06°/s,每种样时间0.5 s,获得3种不同产区大黄的X-射线衍射图谱。试验数据以晶面间距d与特征峰相对强度L/Io表示,记为d/(I/Io)。将试验数据导入中药指纹图谱相似度计算软件,经选峰,设定匹配模板,将谱峰自动匹配,然后设定标准模板,进行谱峰差异性评价和整体相似性评价。[结果]样品1中所含的化学成分与样品2相同,但峰的强度(I/Io)不同,表明相同成分在两种样品中的含量不相等。同样把样品3的图谱与其他两个样品进行比较,也会得到相同的衍射峰值。表明不同产区的大黄中各化学成分的含量有差异,但其衍射图谱及衍射峰值具有一定的指纹特征。[结论]X-射线衍射法是鉴别不同产区的大黄及其他中药材的一种快捷有效的方法。
[Objective] To provide basis for distinguishing the quality and identification of rhubarb medicinal materials from different areas. [Method] The test materials Rhubarb (sample 1), Qinghai Hainan Tanggut rhubarb (sample 2) and Qinghai Gululuotanggut rhubarb (sample 3) were respectively crushed into powder and passed through a 100 mesh sieve to provide X-ray diffraction test. The tube pressure was set at 30 kV and tube flow was 20 mA. The scanning range of 2θ was 3 ° -90 °, the scanning speed was 0.06 ° / s and the sampling time was 0.5 s. The X-ray diffraction patterns of rhubarb in three different producing areas were obtained. Test data to interplanar spacing d and the relative intensity of the characteristic peak L / Io said, d / (I / Io). The experimental data were imported into the similarity calculation software of Chinese traditional medicine fingerprinting. After selecting the peak, the matching template was set, the peak of the spectrum was automatically matched, and then the standard template was set to evaluate the difference of peak spectrum and the overall similarity. [Results] Sample 1 contained the same chemical composition as sample 2, but the peak intensity (I / Io) was different, indicating that the same components were not equally contained in the two samples. Similarly, comparing the pattern of sample 3 with the other two samples, the same diffraction peak will be obtained. The results showed that there were differences in the contents of the chemical components in rhubarb in different producing areas, but the diffraction patterns and diffraction peaks had some fingerprints. [Conclusion] The X-ray diffraction method is a quick and effective method to identify rhubarb and other traditional Chinese medicines in different areas.