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初级中学《化学》课本上提到反应“2KClO_3(?)2KCl+3O_2↑”中二氧化锰是催化剂起催化作用。对于这类问题的研究,据初中化学《教学参考书》提到“二氧化锰的催化作用问题,到目前为止还没有肯定的解释。有的文献认为中间产物是七氧化二锰。”关于二氧化锰起催化作用的反应机理笔者认为是:2KClO_3+2MnO_2(?)2KMnO_4+O_2↑+Cl_2↑4KMnO_4(?)2K_2MnO_4+2O_2↑+2MnO_22K_2MnO_4+Cl_2(?)2KMnO_4+2KCl总反应式:2KClO_3+(2MnO_2)(?)2KCl+3O_2↑+(2MnO_2)。上述机理是从实验和理论上得出来的。一、实验1.将氯酸钾与二氧化锰按质量比1:1,2:1,3:1等混合加热,现象是:(1)在不塞塞子的试管口内,气体使带火星的木条复燃,并具有刺激性,使湿润的碘化钾淀粉试纸变蓝色,证明产物中有氧气和氯气。(2)在加
In the junior high school “Chemistry” textbook, it was mentioned that the reaction “2KClO 3 (?) 2KCl + 3O 2 ↑” in the manganese dioxide catalyst plays a catalytic role. For the study of this type of problem, according to Junior High School’s “Teaching Reference Book”, “The catalytic effect of manganese dioxide has not been definitely explained so far. Some literature considers the intermediate product to be manganese monoxide.” The catalytic mechanism of manganese oxide reaction mechanism I believe is: 2KClO 3 +2MnO 2 (?) 2KMnO 4 +O 2 ↑ +Cl 2 ↑ 4KMnO 4 (?) 2K 2 MnO 4 +2O 2 ↑ +2MnO 22K 2 MnO 4 +Cl 2 (?) 2KMnO 4 +2KCl total reaction: 2KClO 3 + (2MnO 2 () 2KCl + 3O 2 ↑ + (2MnO 2). The above mechanism is derived experimentally and theoretically. I. Experiment 1. The potassium chlorate and manganese dioxide were mixed and heated in a mass ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. The phenomena were: (1) In the test tube mouth without plug, the gas made the wood strip with Mars. Rekindled and irritating, turning wet potassium iodide starch paper blue, demonstrating oxygen and chlorine in the product. (2) In Canada