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文化人类学是人类学的主要分支之一。文化人类学研究人类的生活方式,范围包括人种起源学、语言学和考古学。文化是社会科学家和人文主义学者使用的一个术语,流行广泛而又普遍。这一术语没有固定的意思,主要集中在作为一种文化个体的、有教养通达情理的人的概念,即有文化修养和熟悉文明生活所产生的比较美好事物的人的概念。“文化”作为一个专门术语,出现在十九世纪中叶人类学的著作中。英国人类学家爱德华·B·泰勒爵士,用它来表示人们在历史体验中所产生的思想和事物“集合体”。
Cultural anthropology is one of the main branches of anthropology. Cultural anthropology studies human lifestyles, ranging from ethnic origin, linguistics and archeology. Culture is a term used by social scientists and humanists, widely and universally prevalent. This terminology has no fixed meaning, and is mainly focused on the concept of a person of reasonable education as a cultural individual, that is, of a person who is culturally literate and familiar with the better things produced by a civilized life. As a specialized term, “culture” appeared in the anthropological writings of the mid-nineteenth century. Sir Edward B. Tyler, a British anthropologist, uses it to represent the “assemblages” of ideas and things that people produce in their historical experience.