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[目的]建立桂花叶芽细胞彗星试验方法,探讨甲醛污染与桂花叶芽细胞DNA损伤之间的剂量-反应关系以及在空气甲醛污染监测中的应用。[方法]以盆栽桂花为实验材料,以不同浓度的甲醛以薰气法对其进行染毒,采用彗星试验方法研究甲醛对桂花叶芽细胞DNA损伤情况,应用SPSS15.0统计软件对实验结果进行分析。[结果]阳性对照组与阴性对照组、各剂量组与阴性对照组之间以及各个剂量组之间各对应彗星试验指标相比较差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。各指标的大小与染毒剂量的对数值之间的直线相关系数r均大于0.7(P﹤0.0001),其中相对Olive尾矩与染毒剂量的对数值之间的相关性最好,其直线相关系数r等于0.9143,3次项拟合曲线的相关系数为0.9726。[结论]甲醛空气污染能引起桂花叶芽细胞DNA损伤,其损伤程度与染毒浓度之间呈正相关并有明显的剂量-反应关系,相对Olive尾矩是反应这一关系的较好指标。桂花叶芽细胞对甲醛空气污染有较高的敏感性,桂花叶芽细胞彗星试验可用于室内环境低浓度污染物的监测,特别是污染物所引起的慢性综合生物效应的监测。
[Objective] The study aimed to establish a method for determining the comet assay of Osmanthus fragrans sp., Discussing the dose-response relationship between formaldehyde pollution and DNA damage of Osmanthus fragrans sprout bud cells and its application in the monitoring of air formaldehyde pollution. [Method] The potted Osmanthus fragrans was used as experimental material, and different concentration of formaldehyde was smoked by fuming method. The comet assay was used to study the DNA damage of formaldehyde to Osmanthus fragrans sprout bud cells. SPSS15.0 statistical software was used to analyze the experimental results . [Results] The positive control group and the negative control group, each dose group and the negative control group and each dose group between the corresponding comet test indicators were significantly different (P <0.01). The linear correlation coefficients r between the size of each index and the logarithm of exposure dose were all higher than 0.7 (P <0.0001). The correlation between the relative Olive tail moment and the logarithm of exposure dose was the best, The coefficient r is equal to 0.9143, and the correlation coefficient of the third-order fitting curve is 0.9726. [Conclusion] Formaldehyde air pollution can cause the DNA damage of Osmanthus fragrans sprout bud cells. The degree of injury is positively correlated with the exposure concentration and has obvious dose-response relationship. The relative Olive tail moment is a better indicator of the response. Osmanthus fragrans leaf bud cells have high sensitivity to formaldehyde air pollution. The comet assay of Osmanthus fragrans leaves bud cells can be used to monitor low concentrations of pollutants in indoor environment, especially the monitoring of chronic comprehensive biological effects caused by pollutants.