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对于会话隐意的解读,新格赖斯学派和关联理论学派分别提出相互对立的两种模式——默认模式和未指定模式。不少学者试图通过心理认知方法验证这两种模式,但结果却截然不同。本研究在回顾和评述这些实证研究的基础上,设计了一项新的心理实验,试图重新验证会话隐意的解读模式。实验结果整体上支持默认解读模式,表明听话者首先理解话语的默认隐意,如果语境否定这种隐意,听话者随之将其取消,并进一步加工以获得其他替代意义。但实验还发现了一些例外现象,有的倾向于未指定模式,有的似乎说明两个模式都不成立。鉴于隐意解读的复杂性,本文提出了一些包容性的发展认识和建议。
For the conversational implicit interpretation, the New Grice School and the Relevance Theory School proposed two different modes - the default mode and the unspecified mode. Many scholars try to verify these two modes through psychological cognitive methods, but the results are quite different. Based on the review and comment on these empirical studies, this study designed a new psychological experiment, trying to re-verify the mode of interpretation of the conversation. The experimental results as a whole support the default interpretation mode, indicating that the hearer first understands the default implicitness of the discourse, and if the context negates such implicitness, the hearer subsequently cancels it and further processes it for other alternative meanings. But the experiment also found some exceptions, some tended to not specify the pattern, and some seemed to indicate that neither pattern was valid. In view of the complexity of the hidden reading, this paper presents some inclusive understanding of development and suggestions.