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(一) 我省危害小麦的病虫害主要有条锈病(黄疸)白粉病、黑穗病、病毒病、地下害虫、粘虫、麦蚜、麦蜘蛛等。这些病虫害往往造成小麦的减产,轻者损失一两成,重者达三成以上,甚至绝收,是小麦增产的一大障碍。地下害虫在我省常年发生4000—5000万亩,秋春两季为害麦苗,常常造成缺苗断拢。通过防治,蝼蛄、金针虫已有显著下降,蛴螬有明显上升,据1979年秋季32个县普查,普遍上升一倍多,每亩一般有虫2000—3000头,多的在万头以上。小麦粘虫在七十年代前,多间歇性发生,七十年代后每年发生在1000万亩左右,1977年发生面积达2300万亩,1978—79两年我省南部部分社队小麦因粘虫为害,有不少麦田被吃
(A) The main pests and diseases of wheat in our province are stripe rust (jaundice) powdery mildew, smut, virus disease, underground pests, armyworms, wheat aphids, wheat spiders and so on. These pests and diseases often result in the reduction of wheat yield, with the loss of one or two of the light ones being more than 30%, even exceeding the absolute minimum. This is a major obstacle to increasing wheat output. Underground pests occur in our province perennial 40,000-5000 acres, wheat seedlings harmed in autumn and spring, often resulting in lack of seedlings off together. According to the prevention and control measures, molluscum has dropped significantly and the catfish increased significantly. According to the census of 32 counties in autumn 1979, the number generally increased more than twice as much as 2000-3000 heads per mu and more than 10,000 heads. In the seventies, wheat armyworms occurred intermittently. After the seventies, the disease occurred in about 10 million mu each year. In 1977, the area was 23 million mu. In 1978-79, some of the confederation teams in southern part of our province were affected by the armyworm Damage, many wheat fields are eaten