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[目的]研究豆豉中大豆异黄酮及苷元(SI)对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠血糖、血脂及肾、肝组织的影响。[方法]利用超声提取豆豉中的大豆异黄酮,经硅胶分离出大豆黄素和染料木素。给四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠按一定剂量给予所提取的大豆异黄酮及苷元灌胃10d,检测血糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)4项指标,观察小鼠肝脏和肾脏的病理切片。[结果]与四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型组比较,SI中、高剂量组血糖显著降低(P﹤0.05);SI的3个剂量组比较,SI中、高剂量组降低血糖的效果显著高于低剂量组(P﹤0.05),中、高剂量组降低率分别达到18.996%和28.447%;SI高剂量组能显著降低TC、TG和升高HDL-C含量(P﹤0.05),SI中剂量组只能显著降低TG的含量;SI高剂量组的肝、肾组织较模型组有明显改善。[结论]豆豉中的大豆异黄酮及苷元可明显降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠的血糖水平,改善由糖尿病引起的高血脂症,并对小鼠的肝脏和肾脏具有一定的修复作用。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of soybean isoflavone and aglycone (SI) on the blood sugar, blood lipid, kidney and liver tissues of alloxan diabetic mice. [Method] Soybean isoflavones were extracted by ultrasonic extraction and the daidzein and genistein were separated by silica gel. To alloxan diabetic mice given a dose of the extracted soy isoflavones and aglycone gavage for 10 days, blood glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol -C) 4 indicators, observed in mice liver and kidney pathological sections. [Results] Compared with alloxan diabetic model group, the blood glucose of middle and high dose SI group was significantly decreased (P <0.05). Compared with SI group, the effect of lowering blood glucose of middle and high dose SI group was significantly higher than that of low dose (P <0.05). The reduction rates of medium dose and high dose groups were 18.996% and 28.447% respectively. The high dose of SI group decreased TC, TG and increased the content of HDL-C (P <0.05) Can significantly reduce the content of TG; SI high-dose group of liver and kidney tissue significantly improved than the model group. [Conclusion] Soybean isoflavones and aglycone in Ligustrum lucidum could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of alloxan diabetic mice, improve the hyperlipidemia induced by diabetes mellitus, and have a certain repair effect on the liver and kidney of mice.