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审级制度是一项基本的民事诉讼制度 ,其基本功能有二 :即纠正错误判决和统一法律见解。我国四级二审终审的民事审级制度的建构 ,由于欠缺审级制度功能论和相关民事诉讼基本原理的考虑 ,造成了司法实践中的种种弊端和制度体系上的不和谐。因此 ,有必要借鉴国外的立法经验 ,并遵循审级制度的基本原理 ,重构我国四级三审终审的民事审级制度 ,在重构的基础上优化具体程序的设计。
The trial-level system is a basic civil procedure system with two basic functions: that is, correct wrong judgments and unify legal opinions. The construction of the civil adjudication system of the final adjudication of the second instance at the fourth level in our country, due to the lack of consideration of the functional theory of the trial level system and the basic principles of the relevant civil litigation, has caused various defects in the judicial practice and discordance in the system. Therefore, it is necessary to learn from the experience of foreign countries and follow the basic principles of the trial-level system to reconstruct the civil trial system of the final three-level court in our country and to optimize the design of specific procedures on the basis of reconstruction.