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问题一:美国明星朱莉因检测出BRCA1基因突变而行预防性乳腺切除术,在结直肠癌遗传方面,是否也可通过类似手段来预防?专家:目前,结直肠癌有两种明确的基因突变遗传。第一种是家族性腺瘤病,与APC基因突变有关。通常病人能活到70岁,那时癌变的概率是百分之百。一旦基因诊断明确,我们会建议他把整个结肠都切掉。另一种叫林奇综合征。该病的癌变率有50%~60%。不建议切除全结肠,而是每年作肠镜检查。一般人群50岁开始就要每年作肠镜检查,但对有遗传病史的人,国
Question one: American star Julie is undergoing prophylactic mastectomy for detecting mutations in the BRCA1 gene. Can it be prevented by similar means in the genetics of colorectal cancer? Experts: At present, there are two clear genes for colorectal cancer. Mutation inherited. The first is familial adenomatosis, which is associated with APC gene mutations. Usually the patient can live to 70 years old, when the probability of cancer is 100%. Once the genetic diagnosis is clear, we will advise him to cut off the entire colon. The other is Lynch syndrome. The cancer rate of the disease is 50% to 60%. It is not recommended to remove the entire colon. Instead, an annual colonoscopy is performed. The general population must undergo colonoscopy every year since the age of 50, but for people with a history of genetic diseases,