系统,即由相互作用和相互依赖的若干组成部份结合成的具有特定功能的有机整体。系统工程,是组织管理“系统”的规划、研究、设计、制造、试验和使用的科学方法。它要求全局性:必须从整个系统出发,而不是从某一个分系统要求出发;关联性:由于系统的各个部分是相互作用、相互依赖的,因此,要考虑这种相互的关系;最优性:设计、 System, an organic whole with specific functions, which is formed by the interaction and interdependence of several components. System engineering is a scientific method for planning, researching, designing, manufacturing, testing, and using “systems” of organization and management. It requires globality: It must proceed from the entire system, not from a certain subsystem requirements; Relevance: Since the various parts of the system are interactive and interdependent, we must consider this mutual relationship; optimality :design,