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一场突如其来的汶川大地震,给人民生命造成了惨重的伤亡,给国家财产造成了巨大的损失,给生态环境造成了严重的破坏,令天下人为之悲伤和惊骇。面对地震的惨状,我们不仅要问:为什么汶川地震破坏力这么巨大?为什么破坏的严重性这么点多面广?地震触发的次生山地灾害是最大的帮凶。据不完全统计,汶川大地震所触发的崩塌、滑坡、堰塞湖、泥石流等次生山地灾害点多达5万余处。如北川老县城滑坡直接掩埋1 600余人,其巨大的气浪将周围100米范围内的房屋彻底摧毁;再如安县大光包一黄洞子沟滑坡,粗略统计其体积接近10亿立方,形成的堆石坝高达550米。这些超大型崩塌、滑坡和后期的泥石流使地震灾害损失增加30%以上。
A sudden earthquake in Wenchuan has caused tremendous casualties to the lives of the people, caused tremendous losses to state property, caused serious damage to the ecological environment and caused people in the world to be saddened and horrified. In the face of the terrible earthquake, we not only have to ask: Why is the destructive power of the Wenchuan earthquake so huge? Why the severity of the damage is so extensive? The secondary mountain disaster triggered by the earthquake is the biggest accomplice. According to incomplete statistics, as many as 50,000 sites of secondary mountain hazards such as landslides, landslides, dammed lakes and debris flows triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake have been reported. For example, the landslide of Laoxian County in Beichuan County directly buried more than 1 600 people, and its huge air wave completely destroyed the houses within a 100-meter radius. Another example is the landslide of Huangtongzigou in Daguangbao in An County, with a rough statistics of its volume approaching 1 billion cubic meters Rockfill dam up to 550 meters. These large landslides, landslides and later mudslides increased earthquakes losses by more than 30%.