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自从 Valent 等于1968年首次报道 Doun 综合征病人的产前诊断到现在,人类染色体病日益受到重视。据估计,染色体病占所有产前诊断病例的80％。产前遗传学研究是判断遗传病的有效手段,其关键技术是羊水细胞体外培养能否成功以及能否收获到足够分析的中期染色体。一般来说,羊水中活细胞量少,大约占15％,其他均为固缩的细胞,而且随着妊娠月份增加,活细胞数愈少。所以体外培养成功的难度较大,有时羊水细胞不易贴壁生长,有时纵然细胞生长旺盛但又往往收获不到染色体。我们经过两年来的实践,摸索出一种方法简单,效果可靠的染色体培养方法。
Since Valent first reported the prenatal diagnosis of patients with Doun’s syndrome in 1968 up to now, human chromosome diseases have been receiving more and more attention. It is estimated that chromosomal diseases account for 80% of all prenatal diagnoses. Prenatal genetic research is an effective means of judging genetic diseases, the key technology is the success of amniotic fluid cell culture in vitro and can harvest enough metaphase chromosomes. In general, amniotic fluid less living cells, accounting for about 15%, the other are shrinkage of cells, and with the increase in the month of pregnancy, the fewer live cells. Therefore, the difficulty of successful culture in vitro, and sometimes amniotic fluid cells adherent growth difficult, and sometimes even though the cells grow strong but often can not harvest the chromosomes. After two years of practice, we came up with a simple and reliable chromosome culture method.