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The evaporation of water is essential in the macroscopic world.Recent researches show that,on solid surfaces,the evaporation of nanoscale water is quite different from that on bulk water surfaces.In this review,we show the theoretical progress in the study of nanoscale water evaporation on various solid surfaces:the evaporation rate of nanoscale water does not show a monotonic decrease when the solid surface changes from hydrophobic to hydrophilic;the evaporation of nanoscale water on hydrophobic-hydrophilic patterned surfaces is unexpectedly faster than that on uniform surface;the evaporation of nanoscale water on patterned graphene oxide is faster than that on homogeneous one;how temperature affects the evaporation of nanoscale water on solid surface;how ions affect the evaporation of nanoscale water on graphene oxide.