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采用实验室自制的微层共挤出设备,通过不同数目的分层叠加单元,制备了1~128层多壁碳纳米管(WM-NTs)填充聚丙烯复合材料。SEM结果表明,WMNTs经过数个分层叠加单元后,能够沿着挤出方向取向、有序排列。PLM测试发现,128层样品在等温结晶初始阶段出现了明显的纤维状亮条而不是传统的球形状亮点。DSC证明,WM-NTs具有很强的异相成核作用,微层挤出样品的结晶尺寸分布比1层样品更宽。微层挤出技术不需要以牺牲材料韧性为代价以达到增强的目的。所制得复合体系的断裂伸长率与拉伸强度均随着层数增加而提高。
A series of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (WM-NTs) filled with polypropylene composites were fabricated by using micro-layer coextrusion equipment made by our laboratory with different numbers of layered superposition units. The SEM results show that WMNTs can be oriented along the extrusion direction and arranged in an orderly manner after passing through several layered superposition units. The PLM test found that a 128-layer sample showed a distinct fibrous bright band in the initial phase of isothermal crystallization rather than the traditional spherical bright spot. DSC proved that WM-NTs had a strong heterogeneous nucleation effect, and the micro-layer extruded samples had a broader crystal size distribution than the first-layer samples. Micro-layer extrusion technology does not need to sacrifice the material toughness at the expense of achieving the purpose of enhancement. The elongation at break and the tensile strength of the prepared composite system both increase with the increase of the number of layers.