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目的比较贵州黔南民族地区农村留守与非留守老年人慢性病情况及日常生活功能受损情况。方法在贵州黔南民族农村地区,采用多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取符合要求的老年人进行调查,内容包括一般情况、慢性病患病情况及日常生活功能情况等。结果贵州黔南民族地区农村留守与非留守老年人慢性病患病率分别为69.13%、64.25%(P<0.05),两者慢性病患病率前3位的疾病从高到低均为风湿性关节炎、颈腰椎等骨骼肌肉病、高血压。留守老年人ADL和IADL的受损率分别为20.24%、47.86%,非留守老年人ADL和IADL受损率分别为22.03%、44.99%,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论贵州黔南民族地区老年人慢性病患病率高,尤其是留守老年人;留守与非留守老年人日常生活功能受损分布大致相同,慢性病与日常生活功能受损共患情况突出;在民族地区应因地制宜制定慢性疾病防治对策和提供合理的养老服务、老年人健康照护服务,从而预防或减缓老年人慢性病流行和日常生活功能损害。
Objective To compare the status of chronic diseases among left-behind and non-left-behind elders and the impairment of daily life function in the rural areas of Qiannan minority area in Guizhou province. Methods A multi-stage cluster sampling method was adopted in the rural areas of southern Guizhou province to select the elders who meet the requirements for investigation. The contents include the general situation, the prevalence of chronic diseases and the functions of daily life. Results The prevalence rates of chronic diseases among left-behind and non-left-behind elderly in Qiannan minority areas in Guizhou Province were 69.13% and 64.25%, respectively (P <0.05). The top 3 diseases of the two chronic diseases were rheumatic Inflammation, cervical and lumbar skeletal muscle disease, high blood pressure. The rates of ADL and IADL in left-behind elderly patients were 20.24% and 47.86%, respectively. The rates of ADL and IADL in non-left-behind elderly patients were 22.03% and 44.99% respectively, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly in Qiannan minority area is high, especially in the elderly. The functional impairment of daily living in left-behind and non-left-behind elders is roughly the same, and the common diseases with chronic diseases and impaired daily life are prominent. In ethnic areas Chronic disease prevention and treatment measures should be formulated in accordance with local conditions and provide reasonable old-age care services and elderly people’s health care services so as to prevent or slow down the chronic illnesses and impairment of daily life in the elderly.