金融市场,或称资本市场,是社会主义市场经济体系的一个重要部分,属于社会再生产要素市场之一。我国是一个发展中的大国,资本供求矛盾是长期的,加速金融市场的发展,并使其逐步规范,具有特殊重要的意义。一、货币市场与资本市场我们首先要清楚的一点,是金融市场的基本结构。金融市场可以泛指买卖金融商品的场所,就如同生产资料市场和消费品市场一样。但在市场经济发达国家,一般将金融同业之间的资金融通(拆借)、外汇和有价证券买卖视作典型的金融市场行为,而将银行的存贷款业务等视作非典型的金融市场行为。这是因为典型的与非典型的金融市场行为在交易主体、客体以及运行规则方面具有不同特征。通常认为,银行等金融机构是金融市场的中介,企业从银 Financial markets, or capital markets, are an important part of the socialist market economy and one of the key markets for social reproduction. China is a big developing country. The contradiction between capital supply and demand is long-term. It is of special significance to speed up the development of financial markets and to gradually standardize them. First, the money market and capital markets We must first of all be clear that the basic structure of the financial markets. Financial markets can broadly refer to the places where financial products are bought and sold, just as the means of production data and the consumer goods market. However, in developed market economy countries, financial intermediation (inter-bank lending), foreign exchange and securities trading between financial peers are generally regarded as typical financial market behaviors, while banks’ deposit and loan businesses are regarded as non-typical financial market behaviors . This is because the typical and atypical financial market behaviors have different characteristics in transaction subjects, objects and operating rules. Generally believed that banks and other financial institutions are intermediaries in financial markets, enterprises from the silver